Using external metadata

To help avoid unnecessary duplication, and for convenience, Snapcraft can process and incorporate external metadata from within snapcraft.yaml by using parse-info within a part and a corresponding adopt-info key.

For example, the following snapcraft.yaml will parse a file called metadata-file. Snapcraft will attempt to extract version, summary and description metadata for the snap, all of which are mandatory:

name: my-snap-name
adopt-info: part-with-metadata

parts:
  part-with-metadata:
    plugin: dump
    source: .
    parse-info: [metadata-file]

See The snapcraft format for further details on Snapcraft metadata and how it’s used.

Source types

An external metadata source can be one of the following:

• AppStream: a standard for software components
• Scriptlets: a snapcraftctl-driven command to generate version and grade

See below for details on incorporating each of the above into your snapcraft.yaml.

AppStream^⚓

AppStream is a metadata standard used to describe a common set software components. It can be parsed by snapcraft to provide the title, version, summary, description and icon for a snap, along with the location of an app’s desktop file.

The following is a typical example from an upstream project. It’s an AppStream file called sampleapp.metainfo.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<component type="desktop-application">
  <id>com.example.sampleapp</id> 
  <name>Sample App</name>
  <project_license>GPL-3.0+</project_license>
  <name>Sample App</name>
  <summary>Single-line elevator pitch for your amazing application</summary>
  <description>
    This is applications's description. A paragraph or two to tell the
    most important story about it.
  </description>
  <icon type="local">assets/icon.png</icon>
  <launchable type="desktop-id">
    com.example.sampleapp.desktop
  </launchable>
  <releases>
    <release date="2019-11-27" version="4.2.8.0"/>
  </releases>
  <update_contact>example@example.com</update_contact>
  <url type="homepage">example.com</url>
  <url type="bugtracker">example.com</url>
  <url type="vcs-browser">example.com</url>
  <url type="translate">example.com</url>
  <url type="donation">example.com</url>
</component>

We adopt the above metadata into snapcraft.yaml with the following:

name: sampleapp-name
adopt-info: sampleapp

apps:
  sampleapp:
    command: sampleapp
    common-id: com.example.sampleapp

parts:
  sampleapp:
    plugin: dump
    source: http://github.com/example/sampleapp.git
    parse-info: [usr/share/metainfo/com.example.sampleapp.appdata.xml]

The resulting snap will use the title, version, summary, description, license, contact, donation, issues, source-code and website from the AppStream file.

You can also link each app in your snap to specific AppStream metadata by pointing the common-id key of that app to the component id field in the AppStream metadata. Snapcraft will use the metadata of that component to get the .desktop entry file for that app.

Note: The process to get the .desktop file entry from the AppStream metadata goes as follows. First, Snapcraft searches for a parsed AppStream file with the same component id as the app’s common-id and extracts the Desktop File ID (desktop-id) from that component. If that component doesn’t specify a desktop-id, Snapcraft will use the component id as the Desktop File ID. Snapcraft will then search for a desktop file matching the Desktop File ID in the usr/local/share and usr/share directories relative to the part source, and by following the Desktop File ID rules.

Part scriptlets^⚓

Individual parts in your snapcraft.yaml can set the version and grade by using craftctl. All you need to do is select which part to adopt using adopt-info:

# ...
adopt-info: my-part
# ...
parts:
  my-part:
    # ...
    override-pull: |
      craftctl default
      craftctl set version="my-version"
      craftctl set grade="devel"

See Using the craftctl tool for more details on using scripting elements within snapcraft.yaml.

[not recommended] `setup.py`^⚓

A setup.py file is used by many Python projects to help with package installation. If your setup.py uses setuptools and defines version and description, these can be extracted from setup.py and used as the version and description metadata in the resulting snap.

The following is an example setup.py in the root of a hypothetical git tree:

import setuptools

setuptools.setup(
    name='hello-world',
    version='1.0',
    author='snapcrafter',
    author_email='snapcraft@lists.snapcraft.io',
    description='A simple hello world in python',
    scripts=['hello']
)

You can adopt the relevant metadata in the above with the following snapcraft.yaml

name: sampleapp-name
summary: sampleapp summary
adopt-info: sampleapp

apps:
  sampleapp:
    command: sampleapp

parts:
  sampleapp:
    plugin: python
    source: http://github.com/example/sampleapp.git
    parse-info: [setup.py]

Snapcraft versions and compatibility^⚓

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Last updated 6 months ago.